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A rug is a handicraft which
consist of two parts: the skeleton of the rug, which is formed by vertical
and horizontal threads called "warps" and "wefts" and the part which
resembles a picture and is like velvet, which is called the "pile" of the
rug, made by knotting different colors of thread. In order to form motifs,
there are two knotting techniques:
1. Symmetrical knotting,
double or Turkish knotting. Each knot is made on two warps. In this form
of knotting, each end of the pile thread is wrapped all the way around the
two warps, pulled down an cut.
2. Non-symmetrical or single (Persian) knotting. While one end of the
thread is wrapped all the
wary around the warp, the other end goes just beside the other warp. Then
both ends are pulled down and cut.
The steps for weaving a carpet are written below.
1. The weaving is started from the bottom of the loom. First the kilim
part (flat woven part) is woven at the lower edge.
2. The weaver then takes a piece of wool which corresponds with the
pattern and forms a knot on two warps.
3. Then she cuts the surplus wool with a knife.
4. After one row of knotting is completed, she then passes a weft thread
in between the front and back warps. The weft threads are used to
strengthen the weaves of the carpet.
5. Then she will take the " kirkit" (a comb like tool) and vigorously beat
down the row of knots and weft, in order to obtain the desired tightness
and to make the knots and weft compact.
6. Following this step, with a pair of adjustable scissors she cuts the
surplus colored threads to obtain a uniform level of pile thickness.
7. This process is continued until the carpet is complete.
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